Countrystudies.us View Learning
Philippines - EDUCATION
Details: Education policies fluctuated constantly and were likely to be changed before teachers became accustomed to them. Areas of disagreement among Filipinos produced educational change as one faction or another gained control of a highly centralized public education administration. One example was the community school program that sought to involve
› Verified 3 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/philippines/53.htm Go Now
Syria - EDUCATION
Details: General secondary education offers academic courses and prepares students for university entrance; the last 2 years of this stage are divided into literary and scientific streams. Vocational secondary training offers courses in industry, agriculture, commerce, and primary school-teacher training.
› Verified 2 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/syria/37.htm Go Now
Israel - EDUCATION
Details: The education system was structured in four levels. Preschool was available to children between the ages of three and six; it was obligatory from age five. Primary education ran from grades one through six; grades seven, eight, and nine were handled in intermediate or junior high schools.
› Verified 1 months ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/israel/59.htm Go Now
Trinidad and Tobago - EDUCATION
Details: Until the twentieth century, education in Trinidad and Tobago was designed primarily to prepare the elite for study abroad and the eventual assumption of political and economic leadership roles in the society. With the exception of a few missionary schools, slaves were discouraged from attaining even minimal literacy skills.
› Verified 4 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/caribbean-islands/43.htm Go Now
Honduras - EDUCATION
Details: Honduras lacked a national education system until the late 1950s. Before the reforms of 1957, education was the exclusive privilege of those who could afford to send their children to private institutions. The government of Ramón Villeda Morales (1957-63) introduced reforms that led to the establishment of a national public education system
› Verified 3 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/honduras/58.htm Go Now
Vietnam - EDUCATION
Details: Under Confucianism, education was essential for admission to the ruling class of scholar-officials, the mandarinate. Under French rule, even though Vietnamese were excluded from the colonial power elite, education was a requisite for employment in the colonial civil service and for other white-collar, high-status jobs.
› Verified 13 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/vietnam/43.htm Go Now
Peru - EDUCATION
Details: Primary education was later declared both free and compulsory for all citizens. The Ministry of Education in Lima exercises authority over a sprawling network of schools for which it uniformly determines curricula, textbook content, and the general values that guide classroom activities nationwide.
› Verified 19 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/peru/49.htm Go Now
Russia - Education
Details: The 1992 Law on Education stressed the humanistic nature of education, common values, freedom of human development, and citizenship. Curriculum changes were laid out in another document, the Basic Curriculum of the General Secondary School; the overall curriculum reform program is to be put in place over a five-year period ending in 1998.
› Verified 5 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/russia/52.htm Go Now
Maldives - EDUCATION
Details: Secondary education is divided between classes six through ten, which represent overall secondary education, and classes eleven and twelve, which constitute higher secondary education. In 1992 Maldives had a total of 73,642 pupils in school: 32,475 in government schools and 41,167 in private schools.
› Verified 3 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/maldives/8.htm Go Now
South Africa - Education
Details: Education involved oral histories of the group, tales of heroism and treachery, and practice in the skills necessary for survival in a changing environment. In many Nguni-speaking chiefdoms of southern Africa, highly regimented age-groups of young men acquired knowledge and skills vital to their survival and prestige under the instruction of
› Verified 4 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/south-africa/56.htm Go Now
Germany - Education
Details: Because education in Germany costs little compared with that in the United States, for example, and because educational support of various kinds is widely available, Germans are likely to receive education and training suited to their abilities and desires. But however well Germans have arranged their system of education, problems remain.
› Verified 5 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/germany/124.htm Go Now
India - Education
Details: Education is divided into preprimary, primary, middle (or intermediate), secondary (or high school), and higher levels. Primary school includes children of ages six to eleven, organized into classes one through five. Middle school pupils aged eleven through fourteen are organized into classes six through eight, and high school students ages
› Verified 4 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/india/37.htm Go Now
Chad - EDUCATION
Details: Education in Chad has focused on primary instruction. Until 1942 students who desired a secular secondary education had to go to schools in Brazzaville, the capital of the AEF. This restriction obviously limited the number of secondary-school students. Between World War I and World War II, only a dozen Chadians studied in Brazzaville.
› Verified 6 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/chad/30.htm Go Now
Austria - EDUCATION
Details: Austria has a free and public school system, and nine years of education are mandatory. Schools offer a series of vocational- technical and university preparatory tracks involving one to three additional years of education beyond the minimum mandatory level. The legal basis for primary and secondary education in Austria is the School Law of 1962.
› Verified 8 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/austria/77.htm Go Now
Poland - EDUCATION
Details: Education reform was an important demand of widespread Polish demonstrations against Stalinism in 1956. Under the new PZPR first secretary, Wladyslaw Gomulka, government education policy rejected the dogmatic programs of Stalinism and in their place began the first period of (fragmentary) postwar education reform.
› Verified 1 months ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/poland/42.htm Go Now
Grenada - Education
Details: Education reform was a pillar of the development platform of the PRG. Beginning in 1979, Bishop initiated programs designed to reorganize the entire curriculum and move it away from the British model. The overall plan envisioned the development of a nationwide education system that would meet the vague goal of addressing the "particular needs
› Verified 4 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/caribbean-islands/76.htm Go Now
Algeria - EDUCATION
Details: The French colonial education imposed on Algeria was designed primarily to meet the needs of the European population and to perpetuate the European cultural pattern. A large majority of the students were children of the colonists. French was the language of instruction, and Arabic, when taught, was offered as an optional foreign language.
› Verified 2 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/algeria/67.htm Go Now
Belize - EDUCATION
Details: Belize Table of Contents. Belize's strategy for social development in the 1980s focused on increasing investments in formal education. On the surface, the achievements have been impressive; opportunities for all levels of schooling have greatly increased in the last thirty years.
› Verified 1 months ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/belize/32.htm Go Now
Pakistan - EDUCATION
Details: Education in the colonial era had been geared to staffing the civil service and producing an educated elite that shared the values of and was loyal to the British. It was unabashedly elitist, and contemporary education--reforms and commissions on reform notwithstanding--has retained the same quality.
› Verified 4 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/pakistan/42.htm Go Now
Sudan - EDUCATION
Details: Education was to be based on the permanence of human nature, religious values, and physical nature. This could only be accomplished by a Muslim curriculum, which in all schools, colleges, and universities would consist of two parts: an obligatory and an optional course of study.
› Verified 6 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/sudan/51.htm Go Now
Japan - EDUCATION
Details: Education is esteemed, and educational achievement is often the prerequisite for success in work and in society at large. Historical Background. Japan has had relations with other cultures since the dawn of its history. Foreign civilizations have often provided new ideas for the development of Japan's own culture.
› Verified 24 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/japan/77.htm Go Now
Cambodia - EDUCATION
Details: In the PRK, secondary education was reduced to six years. Higher education lagged well behind primary and secondary education, until the late 1950s. The only facility in the country for higher education before the 1960s was the National Institute of Legal, Political, and Economic Studies, which trained civil servants.
› Verified 4 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/cambodia/52.htm Go Now
Lebanon - EDUCATION
Details: Intermediate education was a four-year cycle, consisting of grades six through nine for intermediate schools and one through four for vocational schools. Three different tracks were offered at this level: lower secondary was a four-year academic course designed to prepare the student for the baccalaureate examination; the upper primary track
› Verified 2 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/lebanon/66.htm Go Now
South Korea - EDUCATION
Details: Higher education was provided by the Confucian national university in the capital, the Songgyungwan. Its enrollment was limited to 200 students who had passed the lower civil service examinations and were preparing for the higher examinations. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, modern private schools were established both
› Verified 4 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/south-korea/42.htm Go Now
Venezuela - Education
Details: Basic education consisted of nine years of compulsory schooling for children six to fourteen years of age. For those continuing their education, the system offered two years of diversified academic, technical, and vocational study at a senior high school, which could be followed by various types of higher education--junior college, university
› Verified 5 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/venezuela/19.htm Go Now
Guyana - EDUCATION
Details: Free education from nursery school through university was a major reason for Guyana's 1990 estimated literacy rate of 96 percent, one of the highest in the Western Hemisphere. As of 1985, the average worker in Guyana had completed 6.8 years of schooling.
› Verified 5 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/guyana/44.htm Go Now
Uganda - EDUCATION
Details: The education system suffered the effects of economic decline and political instability during the 1970s and 1980s. The system continued to function, however, with an administrative structure based on regional offices, a national school inspectorate, and centralized, nationwide school examinations.
› Verified 6 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/uganda/35.htm Go Now
Indonesia - EDUCATION
Details: Higher education in the early 1990s offered a wide range of programs, many of which were in a state of flux. Nearly half of all students enrolled in higher education in 1985 were social sciences majors. Humanities and science and technology represented nearly 28 percent and 21 percent, respectively.
› Verified 10 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/indonesia/56.htm Go Now
British Virgin Islands, Anguilla and Montserrat - Education
Details: Primary education was provided by twelve government schools, two government-aided denominational schools, and two private schools. Montserrat had a secondary school, plus two junior secondary schools for children aged twelve to fifteen who failed to pass the examination for entry into the regular secondary school.
› Verified 5 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/caribbean-islands/111.htm Go Now
Nepal - EDUCATION
Details: The National Education Planning Commission was founded in 1954, the All Round National Education Committee in 1961, and the National Education Advisory Board in 1968 in order to implement and to refine the education system. In 1971 the New Education System came into operation as an integral part of the Fourth Five-Year Plan (1970-75); it was
› Verified 4 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/nepal/34.htm Go Now
Bhutan - Education
Details: Education programs were given a boost in 1990 when the Asian Development Bank granted a US$7.13 million loan for staff training and development, specialist services, equipment and furniture purchases, salaries and other recurrent costs, and facility rehabilitation and construction at Royal Bhutan Polytechnic.
› Verified 20 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/bhutan/29.htm Go Now
Egypt - EDUCATION
Details: Higher education expanded even more dramatically than the preuniversity system. In the first ten years following the 1952 Revolution, spending on higher education increased 400 percent. Between academic years 1951-52 and 1978-79, student enrollment in public universities grew nearly 1,400 percent.
› Verified 21 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/egypt/71.htm Go Now
Uruguay - EDUCATION
Details: Education at the University of the Republic was free and, in general, open to all those possessing a bachillerato, or certificate awarded for completion of both cycles of general secondary education. Despite the free tuition, however, access to a university education tended to be limited to children of middleand upper-income families because
› Verified 4 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/uruguay/42.htm Go Now
Japan - Primary and Secondary Education
Details: Education is compulsory and free for all schoolchildren from the first through the ninth grades. The school year begins on April 1 and ends on March 31 of the following year. Schools use a trimester system demarcated by vacation breaks. Japanese children attend school five full weekdays and one-half day on Saturdays.
› Verified 5 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/japan/78.htm Go Now
Nigeria - EDUCATION
Details: The education system focused strongly on examinations. In 1916 Frederick Lugard, first governor of the unified colony, set up a school inspectorate. Discipline, buildings, and adequacy of teaching staff were to be inspected, but the most points given to a school's performance went to the numbers and rankings of its examination results.
› Verified 4 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/nigeria/49.htm Go Now
Nicaragua - Education
Details: Agriculture, medicine, education, and technology grew at the expense of law, the humanities, and the social sciences. One of the hallmarks of Sandinista education (and favored target of anti-Sandinista criticism) was the ideological orientation of the curriculum. The stated goal of instruction was the development of a "new man" whose virtues
› Verified 6 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/nicaragua/26.htm Go Now
El Salvador - Education
Details: Public education was a higher priority than health care for government spending, and statistics reflected this disparity. School attendance and literacy in general increased notably in El Salvador as a whole during the twentieth century, particularly during the 1960s, when an ambitious program of school construction was carried out.
› Verified 8 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/el-salvador/31.htm Go Now
Iran - EDUCATION
Details: This education system was the single most important factor in the creation of the secularized middle class. The goal of creating a nationwide education system was never achieved during the Pahlavi era. In 1940 only 10 percent of all elementary-age children were enrolled in school, and less than 1 percent of youths between the ages of 12 and 20
› Verified 6 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/iran/61.htm Go Now
Dominican Republic - EDUCATION
Details: Education expanded at every level in the post-Trujillo era. Enrollment as a proportion of the primary school-aged population grew by more than twenty percentage points between the mid-1960s and the mid-1980s, and that of the secondary school-aged population nearly quadrupled.
› Verified 13 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/dominican-republic/34.htm Go Now
Ethiopia - Education
Details: The education system also suffered from inadequate financing. In the early 1990s, the problems Ethiopians faced in making their education system responsive to national needs remained formidable. Social and political change had affected many traditional elements of national life, but it was too soon to predict what effect the changes would have
› Verified 6 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/ethiopia/69.htm Go Now
Turkey - Education
Details: Education has continued to serve as an important means of upward social mobility. Annually since at least 1975, the number of students applying for university admission has exceeded the number of available spaces. To qualify for admission, every applicant must pass the nationwide university entrance exam, which is designed, administered, and
› Verified 20 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/turkey/50.htm Go Now
Somalia - EDUCATION
Details: The College of Education, which prepared secondary-school teachers in a two-year program, was part of the university. About 700 students were admitted to the university each year in the late 1970s; roughly 15 percent of those completed the general secondary course and the four-year technical course. Despite a high dropout rate, the authorities
› Verified 6 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/somalia/52.htm Go Now
St. Lucia - Education
Details: Education in St. Lucia was free and compulsory from age five through age fifteen. In the 1980s, enrollment levels ran as high as 85 percent in the primary schools. Planning and operation of the school system were the responsibilities of the Ministry of Education and Culture. The agency, which oversaw all primary, secondary, and post-secondary
› Verified 1 months ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/caribbean-islands/70.htm Go Now
Portugal - EDUCATION
Details: Primary education consisted of four years in the primary cycle and two years in the preparatory, or second, cycle. Most primary schools were public. For many Portuguese living in rural areas, the primary cycle was the only schooling they received. The preparatory cycle (fifth and sixth grades) was intended mainly for children going on to
› Verified 1 months ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/portugal/61.htm Go Now
Afghanistan - EDUCATION
Details: Nevertheless, education remained primarily the prerogative of upper urban groups. By the 1960s as the expanding government apparatus required more bureaucrats, ninety percent of all school graduates were employed by government with the result that the educated tended to be seen by villagers as government officials.
› Verified 1 months ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/afghanistan/71.htm Go Now
Turkmenistan - Education
Details: Education is free of charge, although introduction of fees is being considered by selected institutions. Formal schooling begins with kindergarten (bagcha) and primary school (mekdep). School attendance is compulsory through the eighth grade. At this point, students are tested and directed into technical, continuing, and discontinuing tracks.
› Verified 7 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/turkmenistan/16.htm Go Now
Colombia - EDUCATION
Details: The education sector has grown explosively at all levels since the early 1960s. By 1987 primary-school enrollment had more than doubled, secondary-school enrollment had grown sixfold, and university enrollments had increased fifteen times. The literacy rate was approximately 88 percent in 1987.
› Verified 29 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/colombia/54.htm Go Now
North Korea - EDUCATION
Details: Education is a "total experience" encompassing not only formal school education but also extracurricular "social education" and work-study adult education. According to the "Theses on Socialist Education," the socialist state should not only organize and conduct comprehensive educational programs, eliminating the need for private educational
› Verified 6 days ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/north-korea/42.htm Go Now
Romania - Education
Details: Education was a political socialization process from preschool through university and beyond. In kindergarten ideological training aimed to instill love of country, the PCR, and President Ceausescu. In addition, children were introduced to the Marxist concept of work, largely through imitation of the everyday work world.
› Verified 1 months ago
› Url: http://countrystudies.us/romania/47.htm Go Now
Top Categories
Recently Searched
› Sleep study guidelines for medicare
› Buffalo education and training center
› Education starts at home quote
› General class ham study guide
› Microsoft education plans and pricing
› Nc electrical contractor continuing education
› Education grants for minorities
› Ministry of higher education zambia
› Health education supply store